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| 购买进口仪器、试剂和耗材——就在始于2001年的毕特博生物 www.bitebo.com |
“火焰卫矛”是广受欢迎的园林观赏植物，不过由于具有很强的入侵性，这种植物在美国多个州被列入“黑名单”。美国研究人员日前培育出一种无籽火焰卫矛新品种，在保留火焰卫矛鲜红夺目特性的同时，消除了其入侵自然栖息地的能力。 这种火焰卫矛是由美国康涅狄格大学转基因植物中心主任李义教授领导的研究小组培育的。近年每到秋天火焰卫矛种子成熟时，研究人员就要从种子中分离数以千计的成熟和未成熟胚乳，然后利用特殊的植物生长调节剂在实验室培养皿中培养，最终培育出了不育的三倍体火焰卫矛。 所谓三倍体是指细胞或生物含有三组染色体，因难以进行减数分裂形成配子，故常无法繁育。利用人工方法，让胚乳组织生成三倍体植物非常困难，目前全世界通过胚乳组织仅培育出32种三倍体植物。 研究报告已发表在美国《园艺科学》 （HortScience）杂志8月刊上。 火焰卫矛1860年被引入到美国，目前在美国新英格兰地区和东部各州很受欢迎，被广泛用于园林绿化、植物篱笆及高速公路沿线和商业区，全美一年的销售额达数千万美元。但由于这种植物具有侵略性，美国已有21个州将其列为入侵性物种。火焰卫矛的入侵性源于其种子通过雨水和鸟类传播到林地，在那里发芽、生长和繁衍，形成茂密的灌木丛，威胁其他植物的生存，最终完全替代本土植物。
doi: In Vitro Regeneration of Triploid Plants of Euonymus alatus ‘Compactus’ (Burning Bush) from Endosperm Tissues Yongqin Chen, Liangtao Tian, Junmei Chen, Richard McAvoy, Donna Ellis, Degang Zhao, Yuejin Wang and Xian Zhang, Yi Li Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb., commonly known as "burning bush," is an extremely popular landscape plant in the United States as a result of its brilliant showy red leaves in fall. However, E. alatus is also seriously invasive because of its prolific seed production and effective seed dispersal by birds. Thus, development of sterile, non-invasive, seedless triploid E. alatus is in high demand. In this article, we report successful production of triploid E. alatus using endosperm tissues as explants. In our study, {approx}50% of immature endosperm explants and 14% of mature endosperm explants formed compact, green calli after culture in the dark for 8 weeks and then under light for 4 weeks on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.2 µM BA and 2.7 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Approximately 5.6% of the immature endosperm-derived calli and 13.4% of mature endosperm-derived calli initiated shoots within 8 weeks after they were cultured on MS medium with 4.4 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Eighty-five percent of shoots rooted after culture on woody plant medium (WPM) containing 4.9 µM IBA for 2 weeks and then on hormone-free WPM medium containing 2.0 g·L–1 activated charcoal for 4 weeks. Eight independently regenerated triploid plants have been identified. Triploid plant regeneration rates observed were 0.42% from immature endosperm explants and 0.34% from mature endosperm explants, respectively, based on the number of endosperm explants cultured. Because triploid plants cannot produce viable seeds, and thus are sterile and non-invasive, some triploid E. alatus plant lines reported here can be used to replace the currently used invasive counterparts. Chemical names used: benzyladenine (BA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). |
购买进口仪器、试剂和耗材——就在始于2001年的毕特博生物
www.bitebo.com |
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