海水中的致病菌包括来自生活污水、城市径流以及海岸沙滩流入的陆源性致病菌及自然海水中致病菌。海水中致病菌的污染不仅威胁人们的健康安全，而且会对水产养殖业带来巨大的危害和损失。因此，发展快速、准确、高灵敏检测海水中主要致病菌的传感器技术受到了广泛关注。

近期，中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所海洋环境电化学与传感器技术研究团队和海岸带微型生物生态与应用团队合作，在前期研究工作的基础(Analytical Chemistry, 2012, 84, 2055-2031)上，进一步发展了一种免标记、免固定化电位型传感器用于海水致病菌的检测。

该检测系统以核酸适体作为识别分子，鱼精蛋白作为指示离子，避免了对核酸适体的标记和固定化，从而实现了对致病菌的快速、高效、低成本检测。海水高盐度能够降低核酸适体和靶致病菌的结合能力，并会干扰聚离子选择性电极的电位响应。

在实际样品分析中，研究采用了样品在线快速过滤法，有效消除海水基体效应，并通过致病菌富集提高了检测灵敏度，满足了实际海水检测的要求。以单增李斯特菌为例，该检测系统的检出限达到了10 CFU mL-1。

该研究成果近期发表在国际化学刊物Analytical Chemistry 上。

原文摘要：

Previous ArticleNext ArticleArticles ASAPPotentiometric Aptasensing of Listeria monocytogenes Using Protamine as an Indicator

Jiawang Ding, Jiahong Lei, Xia Ma, Jun Gong and Wei Qin

Exposure to pathogens in recreational or drinking water is a serious public health concern. It is important to rapidly determine and identify trace levels of pathogens in real environmental samples. We report here on a label-free potentiometric aptasensor for rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of Listeria monocytogenes (LM), a pathogen widely distributed in the environment. An aptamer binds specifically to internalin A, a surface protein present in LM cells. The target-binding event prevents the aptamer from electrostatically interacting with protamine, which can be sensitively detected using a polycation-sensitive membrane electrode. Using this method, LM can be detected down to 10 CFU mL–1. Coupled to an online filtration system, the bioassay has been evaluated with spiked coastal seawater samples and shows good recovery and high accuracy. This work demonstrates the possibility of developing potentiometric aptasensors for determination and identification of various bacteria in environmental samples.

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